Cybrary | Cloud Architecture Foundation

Date: 8th September 2019
Course Name: Cloud Architecture Foundation
Instructor Name: Kevin Mayo


Lecture 1 :
Basic use case of an organization Agcorp.Agcorp: How cloud redefined their business.

Course Module 

Module 1: Cloud Overview
Module 2: Cloud Characteristics
Module 3: Overview of AWS, GCP, Azure
Module 4: Storage
Module 5: Network Architecture
Module 6: Virtualization
Module 7: AWS Deep Dive
Module 8: Microsoft Deep Dive
Module 9: Cloud Servicing
Module 10: Cloud Troubleshooting


Module 1; Cloud Overview


Cloud Computing Architecture
1. IAAS
AWS, RackSpace, Hp Service
2. PAAS

3. SAAS
Google Suite, Office365

Cloud Deployment Models
1. Private
Hosting organization uses for its own purpose.
2. Public
Hosting organization gives access to general public users.
3. Hybrid
Combination of private & public models.
4. Community
Here two or more organizations share the same purpose.


1.1 Infrastructure As A Service

1.1.1 Network As a Service
1.1.2 Storage As a Service
1.1.3 Compute As a Service

Example: Cisco Meraki
In this type of platform, we need to manage our servers, perform the patching etc by itself.
So IAAS can be used for providing the following service:
1. Compute
2. Networking
3. Load-Balancing
4. Storage


Note:

• Pay as you Use
• Pay as you Go
• Pay as yo Grow

The basic difference between the IAAS, PAAS, SAAS.

IAAS: Required to manage the application, data , operating system 

PAAS: Only worried about the application and data

SAAS: No need to worry about anything from infrastructure to application

1.2 Platform As a Service

Allows for deploying the application without worrying about the infrastructure and its management.

SDLC [ Software Development Lifecycle ]

Process :

 1. Design       

 2. Develop

 3. Test

         

Goals:

• Quality
• Meets the customer requirements

Project Management Methodologies:

1. Agile

2. Scrum

3. Kanban

4. Lean

5. XP

6. Waterfall

7. Prince2

8. PMI's

( Project Management Institute)

Scrum: A different way of thinking, but a better way to strive for the project.

What is the difference between agile and scrum methodology?

Agile: Deals with the iterative steps for delivery of the project.

Scrum: It is a type of agile methodology, useful for self-functioning and self-managing.

1.3 Unified  Communication As a Service ( uCaaS)

VoIP ( Voice Over Internet Protocol ) is one of the reasons behind the uCaaS platform.

Few components that are still required during uCaaS setup:

1. VoIP phones

2. Router

3. LAN Switch

Module 2: Cloud Characteristics

1. Elasticity

It is a like a compute as service i.e we should have enough resources, so it should be capable enough to hold customer needs.

2. Scalability

The ability of a machine to scale up or scale down according to the use cases.

Characteristics of cloud computing:

1. Rapid Elasticity

2. Scalability

3. Pay as you go, use, grow

Difference between cloud elasticity and cloud scalability?

Elasticity allows adding news resources, where scalability allows scaling of the resources according to real-time demand.

Metering:

• One way to monitor the cloud resources for utilization.
• Allows the team to pay only for the resources that are used.
• Can be used as a monitoring tool.

We need to worry  about the cloud analytics

Cloud Bursting:

When the resource consumption or loads for a particular application in private cloud increases, and so we deploy our application on public cloud in order to make application work successfully without any fault.

Example using cloud bursting during a holiday or festival season.

2.2. Cloud Elements

Basically, there are three elements associated with cloud computing

(AES element)

1. Economical elements

   : Pay as you go

   : Pay as you use

2. Architectural elements

   : Create a simple abstract envrionment 

3. Strategic elements

   : Focus on core business 

Elements & Targets

1. Hypervisor

2. Virtual Resources

3. Virtual Machine

4. Virtual Appliance

5. Storage

What is Element?

Elements are cloud resources that we manage.

What is the targets?

Resources that our cloud scripts control and manage.

Cloud elements that can become cloud targets?

Dashboards

Management Tab

Virtual Machine

2.3 Cloudier Characteristics

Network baseline

We need to define KPIs in order to ensure well functioning of the application.

Example:

Compute consumption

End-user QoS ( Quality of Service)

Instance Health Check

Cloud multi-tenancy

Multi-tenancy allows the capability to provide each user with a  new user interface, such that there is only one application for all users, but different backends system for each user.

Module 3: Overview of AWS, GCP, Azure

Salesforce: CRM [ Customer Relationship Management]

3.1 AWS the market leader

AWS Top 10 Service

1. s3
2. Data Transfer
3.  EC2
4. SNS
5. Kinesis
6. SQS
7.  CloudTrail
8.  RDS
9.  Route 53
10. VPC


3.2 Microsoft Azure the giant

History;

2010 project named Red Dog was renamed to Windows Azure.

3.3 O365
It is a Saas service offered by Microsoft.
Allows installing the software on various devices, which the traditional software are deprived off.

3.4 GCP [ Google Cloud Platform ]

Date: 9th-September-2019


Module 4: Storage

RPO: Recovery Point Objectives

RTO: Recovery  Time Objectives

Storage is one of the critical metrics for any organization. As storage of data is keen responsible for holding the business reputations.

In earlier following types of storage were used:

1. Punch Cards

2. Floppy Disk

3. CD /DVD

4. Memory Cards 

Nowadays major storage devices used are;

1. HDD

2. SSD

3. Cloud Storage

4. HCI [ Hyper-converged storage ]

4.1 Disk Storage & Disk Performance


Disk Drive Components: ( HDD )

1. Platter
2. Spindle
3. Read-Write Head
4. Actuator Arm Assembly
5. Controller Board

Note: The faster the spindle rpm, the faster is the read-write capability of the disk.

SSD ( Solid State Drive )

No moving parts
Modern SSD uses flash for the implementation.
USB also uses flash, but of lower performance.

 Components :
1. Cache
2. NAND Flash Memory
3. Controller


RAID [ Redundant Array Of Independent Disk ]

Raid 0: Used for improving the performance, but can't withstand disk failure issue
Raid 1: Used to replicate the data on another disk.
Raid 5: Includes parity as well as error checking too.
Raid 10: It is a combination of Raid 0 and Raid 1

BCP [ Business Continuity Planning ]



Module 5: Networking Introduction


Cloud Networking is a subset of the IaaS platform. It provides the flexibility to choose best hardware resources that are available on the network.

5.1 Cloud Networking Architectures

LAN architecture
WAN architecture

Various services which are used for the purpose of connecting directly to the cloud:
a. Amazon Direct Connect
b. Azure Express Route
c. Google Carrier Interconnect

Three types of delay in the network:
1. Serialization delay
2. Propagation delay
3. Processing delay

5.2 Cloud Routing Architecture

Azure AD Connect
Azure Federation Services

Applications of ExpressRoute
: Faster & reliable connection
: Data Storage Access
: Backups & Disaster recovery
: Low latency

Gateway:
A medium that helps to covert the protocols to the same form.
Helps to speak the language of the cloud.

5.3 Cloud Managed Switching

Cisco Meraki ( Cloud Managed Switch )

5.4 Cloud Managed Wireless ( 802.11)

Date: 10th September 2019

Module 6: Virtualization

Virtualization is the technique of sharing resources of a host computer.

It can be two types :

1. Hardware Level Virtualization

In this type of virtualization, we have software known as a hypervisor, used for the purpose of sharing of host resources. Each Vms is given a dedicated amount of resource for the proper functioning.

2. Software Level Virtualization

Types of cloud virtualization:

1. HardwareVirtualization
2. Network
3. Storage
4. Memory
5. Software
6. Data
7. Desktop

6.1 Hosts & Hypervisors

Hypervisor:
It is a type of software which is used for the purpose of installing operating system on the top of host o.s

Type:
1. Native or Bare Metal
2. Hosted


AWS uses Xen hypervisor for the creation of virtual machines.

Microsoft uses its own azure hypervisor.

GCP uses KVM (Kernel-based virtual machine ) type hypervisor

6.2 Hyper-threading (vCPUs /pCPUs)

vCPU: virtual CPUs
pCPU: physical CPUs


Hyper-threading is the technique developed by the IBM, in which a physical processor have the capabilities to execute more than two threads at a time and forward it to virtual processor.

Date: 11th-September-2019

6.3 Cloud Virtualization


AWS :
Difference between dedicated hosts and dedicated instances?

Dedicated Hosts: These are the machines, in which user get controls of full architecture i.e CPU , memory. It depends on the customer to build the vms on the top of dedicated hosts.

Dedicated Instances: Machines that are provided with dedicated cores on a multi-tenant environment

.
Module 7: AWS Deep Dive
2003: Designed a documentation
2004: SQS launched
2006: AWS launched

1. Availability Zone: Represents a physical location where a data center is present.
2. Region: Combination of two or more availability zone.
3. Edge Location: Used by CloudFront service for caching the contents.

7.1 AWS Cloud Modelling

EC2 Instances Type:

F: Field Programmable
I: I/O 7 Storage Optimized (D2)
G: General Purpose
M: Memory-Optimized  ( x1,r4,r3)
C : Compute optimizes ( c4,c5,c3)


Steps for configuring EC2 instance:
1. Choose AMI
2. Select instance type
3. Select networking
4. Select an EBS volume
5. Assign  security groups
6. Launch the instance

7.2 AWS EBS & Storage

EBS:
Stands for Elastic Block Storage
Block-based storage
Types:
1. SSD
     1.1 Generic SSD
     1.2 Standard Provisioned I/O SSD
2. Magnetic
     2.1 Cold Storage
     2.2 Magnetic Disks
     2.3 Throughput based disks

S3: Simple Storage Service
Types
   1. Standard
   2. Standard-IA
   3. Single-Zone-IA
   4. Glacier


7.3 AWS Compute - Lambda

It is a service made for developers.
Agile: It is just about the cross-functional team, that is capable of self-managing their workloads.

1. Invoked in response to events

2. Executed only when it is required to scale

3. Capable to access to any service

 Amazon Lightsail
Provided the pre-installed machine, with software that is widely used.
: Wordpress
: Drupal

7.4 Amazon Product Suite
IAM [ Identity & Access Management ]
AWS Migration Hub

7.5 AWS Product Suite -Extra
Machine Learning: AWS SageMaker

7.6 AWS Management & Reporting

1. AWS Organizations
   1.1 Create organizations
   1.2 Create organizational units
   1.3 Attach users
   1.4 Restrict policies to users
2. Cloud Watch Events
3. Cloud Trail
4. System Manager
Allows viewing multiple AWS services from one console.
5. AWS License Manager

Module 8: Microsoft Deep Dive

I have learned the AWS Azure only from the point of introduction nothing else.

Formally knowns as Microsoft Azure.

8.1 Azure Storage Compute

Azure Database:
    1. Managed Instance
    2. Single
    3. Elastic Pool

Cosmos Database

 Azure load balancer
   1. Internal Load Balancer
   2. External Load Balancer
Azure Backup
Azure Site Recovery
Azure Monitor
   1. Insights
    2. Visualize
   3. Analyze
  4. Metrics
   Azure Update Management

Azure Management

Azure Cloud Admin Portal: One portal to administer all the services in Azure.
SLAs ( Service Level Agreements)

Module 9: AWS Dashboard

In this module, instructor shows the various aws management console. Told about the commonly used services used in AWS.